Tamil Nadu, a culturally rich state in southern India, is home to a diverse Muslim population of around 4.2 million, making up 5.86% of the total population, according to the 2011 Census of India. The community is spread across the state, with notable concentrations in districts like Ramanathapuram (16.7%), Tirupathur (11.5%), Vellore (9.2%), and Chennai (7.6%).

Most Muslims in Tamil Nadu follow Sunni Islam, with strong traditions of Sufi practice and shrines (dargahs) playing a visible cultural role. Tamil is the main language, and the community actively participates in local traditions and festivals.

Economically, Muslims in Tamil Nadu are involved in leather work (notably in Vaniyambadi and Ambur), textiles, wholesale markets, and small-scale industries. Educational institutions, tailoring units, and eateries are commonly run by the community, especially in urban centers like Chennai and Madurai.

Chennai has the highest Muslim population in Tamil Nadu, with 439,270 Muslims, reflecting its urban density and historical trade connections. Coimbatore follows with 211,035, while Ramanathapuram ranks third at 208,038, notable for its significant community despite a smaller total population. Other top districts include Tiruchirappalli (190,964), Thanjavur (190,814), and Tirupattur (170,360). Madurai, Tirunelveli, Vellore, and Thiruvallur also feature prominently, each with over 140,000 Muslims. This distribution shows that both urban centers and historical heartlands contribute to the strong presence of Muslims across Tamil Nadu.

Ramanathapuram tops the list with 15.37% of its population being Muslim, reflecting its deep-rooted Islamic heritage and coastal connections. Tirupattur follows closely with 13.91%, while Nilgiris stands at 10.67%, influenced by its historical settlements. Vellore (10.41%), Tenkasi (9.91%), and Tirunelveli (9.82%) also showcase significant Muslim communities. Urban hubs like Chennai (9.45%) and coastal Nagapattinam (8.94%) maintain high percentages, supported by trade and migration. Thanjavur (7.93%) and Thiruvarur (7.6%) round out the top ten, reflecting balanced rural-urban distribution. These figures highlight the rich diversity and integration of Tamil Nadu’s Muslim population across different regions.

At the bottom of the list, Ariyalur has the lowest share of Muslim population in Tamil Nadu with just 1.05%, followed by Namakkal (1.88%) and Virudhunagar (2.46%). Dharmapuri (2.54%), Salem (2.74%), and Erode (3.38%) also show relatively small Muslim communities. Other districts with lower percentages include Kallakkurichi (3.7%), Tiruvannamalai (3.72%), Chengalpattu (3.84%), and Thiruvallur (3.84%). These regions typically have a more dominant Hindu demographic and fewer historical Muslim settlements. Despite their lower numbers, Muslim communities in these districts continue to contribute actively to local economies and cultural life.

1. Chennai: India’s southern metropolis houses 439,270 Muslims, 9.45 % of its 4,646,732 people. Triplicane’s 1795 Big Mosque and the busy Royapettah leather bazaar show a community rooted in trade and education. Rising IT jobs and Gulf remittances should push numbers upward, keeping Chennai the state’s largest urban Muslim hub.

2. Coimbatore: Textile‑rich Coimbatore hosts 211,035 Muslims ( 6.10 % of 3,458,045 ). Many run power‑loom units in Kuniyamuthur and create the famed “Kovai burqa.” With the city courting aerospace and start‑ups, Muslim youth are shifting toward engineering and logistics, suggesting slow but steady population growth.

3. Ramanathapuram: Although its total population is just 1,353,445, Ramanathapuram counts 208,038 Muslims—a state‑high 15.37 %. Coastal trade with Arabia left behind hundreds of stone mosques and Tamil‑Arabic loanwords. Fishing and Gulf migration dominate livelihoods; stable birth rates mean the share should remain the state’s highest.

4. Tiruchirappalli: Historic Trichy records 190,964 Muslims (7.01 % of 2,722,290). The colonial-era Teppakulam mosque district still bustles with beedi, gem, and tailoring units. As the new industrial corridor expands, analysts expect gradual in‑migration from delta towns, keeping Muslim numbers on a gentle climb.

5. Thanjavur: Cauvery delta’s rice bowl has 190,814 Muslims, 7.93 % of 2,405,890 residents. Thanjavur’s bronze artisans include many Muslim families crafting temple icons—an unusual syncretic trade. Agro‑processing jobs may slow out‑migration, so the community should hold its share.

6. Tirupattur: Leather town Tirupattur reports 170,360 Muslims (13.91 % of 1,224,467). Tannery exports drive household incomes. Environmental restrictions are pushing factories toward eco‑friendly methods, likely retaining Muslim workers locally and sustaining a double‑digit share.

7. Madurai: Temple city Madurai hosts 168,881 Muslims (5.56 % of 3,038,252). The Nelpettai spice bazaar is a Muslim stronghold. With the AIIMS‑linked medical hub coming up, health‑sector jobs may nudge the community’s numbers upward.

8. Tirunelveli: Southern Tirunelveli tallies 166,122 Muslims, 9.82 % of 1,692,296 inhabitants. Halwa shops on Jawahar Street are Muslim‑run icons. Planned port connectivity in nearby Enayam could draw youth home, stabilising their proportion.

9. Vellore: Fort city Vellore counts 157,402 Muslims (10.41 % of 1,512,563). Ambur and Vaniyambadi tanneries spur high overseas remittances. As leather shifts to value‑added goods, the Muslim share should edge up.

10. Thiruvallur: Fast‑urbanising Thiruvallur carries 143,093 Muslims—just 3.84 % of 3,728,104. Many work in Chennai’s auto belt. Continuing in‑migration from northern districts may slowly lift their percentage.

11. Tenkasi: Newly carved Tenkasi logs 137,246 Muslims (9.91 % of 1,384,937). Courtallam’s tourism season fuels small Muslim‑owned lodges and eateries. Stable fertility suggests the share will hold near 10 %.

12. Tiruppur: Knitwear capital Tiruppur has 123,983 Muslims, 5.00 % of 2,479,052. They dominate embroidery‑unit labour. Automation may temper growth, but diversification into logistics could keep numbers steady.

13. Cuddalore: Coastal Cuddalore shows 123,749 Muslims (4.75 % of 2,605,914). Cashew‑processing jobs and port redevelopment may attract more families, inching the share upward.

14. Krishnagiri: With 115,303 Muslims (6.13 % of 1,879,809), mango‑rich Krishnagiri exports leather and fruit. The proposed Bengaluru–Chennai highway is expected to boost Muslim trucking businesses, nudging population growth.

15. Pudukkottai: Pudukkottai lists 114,194 Muslims (7.06 % of 1,618,345). Rock‑cut mosques highlight centuries‑old links. Clay‑tile and construction sectors could sustain current numbers.

16. Kancheepuram: Silk city Kancheepuram hosts 110,992 Muslims (4.70 % of 2,362,259). Many weave zari borders for saris—a niche likely to persist, keeping population growth modest.

17. Dindigul: Dindigul registers 105,012 Muslims (4.86 % of 2,159,775). The famed lock‑making Muslim clusters may shift toward e‑commerce, encouraging youth to stay and maintain share.

18. Thiruvarur: Agrarian Thiruvarur tallies 96,092 Muslims, 7.60 % of 1,264,277. Traditional urumee drum makers hail from the community. Mechanised farming may curb out‑migration, so numbers should remain stable.

19. Salem: Industrial Salem notes 95,487 Muslims (2.74 % of 3,482,056). Steel and textiles employ many. Unless migration patterns change, Muslim share will stay modest.

20. Tiruvannamalai: Pilgrimage hub Tiruvannamalai has 91,636 Muslims, 3.72 % of 2,464,875. Many run sweet stalls for temple crowds. Tourism expansion could slightly lift their population.

21. Ranipet: Ranipet records 86,998 Muslims (7.25 % of 1,199,301). New leather clusters and SIPCOT parks signal future job growth, likely sustaining or raising their share.

22. Thoothukkudi: Port city Thoothukkudi counts 80,740 Muslims (4.61 % of 1,750,176). Shipping and salt‑works offer employment. The VOC port expansion may attract more Muslim labour.

23. Kanniyakumari: Southern tip Kanniyakumari features 78,590 Muslims (4.20 % of 1,870,374). Many manage souvenir shops. Coastal erosion mitigation projects could retain fishing families, keeping numbers level.

24. Nilgiris: Hilly Nilgiris holds 78,452 Muslims, a notable 10.67 % of 735,394. Tea‑estate work and tourism sustain the share, expected to stay steady amid eco‑tourism growth.

25. Erode: Erode logs 76,098 Muslims (3.38 % of 2,251,744). Turmeric trade involves Muslim brokers. Unless industrialisation accelerates, population growth will be slow.

26. Sivagangai: Sivagangai shows 74,310 Muslims (5.55 % of 1,339,101). Chettinad architecture includes mosques with tile‑roofed halls. Handicraft revival may keep youth local, maintaining numbers.

27. Viluppuram: Viluppuram hosts 71,142 Muslims (4.03 % of 1,764,615). Highway eateries run by Muslims serve travellers; upcoming rail projects could modestly boost their share.

28. Mayiladuthurai: Mayiladuthurai notes 66,230 Muslims (7.21 % of 918,356). River Cauvery tourism and jasmine trade engage many. Steady birth rates suggest unchanged proportions.

29. Chengalpattu: Chengalpattu lists 62,793 Muslims (3.84 % of 1,635,993). Proximity to Chennai’s IT corridor offers jobs, likely nudging the share slightly upward.

30. Kallakkurichi: Kallakkurichi counts 62,754 Muslims (3.70 % of 1,694,258). Sugarcane markets employ many; mechanisation may slow growth.

31. Nagapattinam: Cyclone‑prone Nagapattinam hosts 62,387 Muslims (8.94 % of 698,094). Fishing and dhow building are core trades. Port modernisation could raise their numbers.

32. Theni: Theni has 56,751 Muslims (4.56 % of 1,245,899). Cardamom and grape farming absorb labour; continued agri‑exports may stabilise the community.

33. Karur: Karur records 53,292 Muslims (5.01 % of 1,064,493). Home‑textile export units employ many women. Global demand hints at steady population retention.

34. Virudhunagar: Virudhunagar logs 47,838 Muslims (2.46 % of 1,942,288). Fireworks and sesame oil trades involve Muslims. Safety regulations could limit industrial jobs, keeping share low.

35. Dharmapuri: Dharmapuri holds 38,304 Muslims, 2.54 % of 1,506,843. Many work in granite quarries. Unless diversification occurs, Muslim population will grow slowly.

36. Perambalur: Small Perambalur counts 32,702 Muslims (5.79 % of 565,223). Maize processing offers seasonal work; agro‑parks may attract new families, inching up share.

37. Namakkal: Namakkal registers 32,483 Muslims (1.88 % of 1,726,601). Poultry logistics dominate jobs. Unless urban pull increases, Muslim growth will stay minimal.

38. Ariyalur: Ariyalur, the state’s least‑represented district, has 7,942 Muslims, only 1.05 % of 754,894. Cement factories attract migrant labour, so a slight uptick is possible but overall share will likely remain the lowest in Tamil Nadu.

Muslim Population of Tamil Nadu by its Districts dataset Census 2011

Kerala, a coastal state in southern India, has a vibrant and well-integrated Muslim population—approximately 8.8 million people, which is about 26.5% of the state’s total population according to the 2011 Census of India. Muslims are present across the state, with particularly high concentrations in Malappuram (70.2%), Kozhikode (39.2%), Kasaragod (37.2%), and Kannur (29.4%) districts ^[2].

The majority of Kerala’s Muslims follow Sunni Islam, specifically the Shafi’i school of jurisprudence, which differentiates them from most of northern India. The community has a distinct cultural identity known as Mappila, shaped by historical trade ties with Arab merchants along the Malabar Coast ^[3]. The primary spoken language is Malayalam, though Arabic is commonly taught in religious contexts, and English is widely used in education and overseas work.

Economically, many Kerala Muslims are involved in small-scale trade, agriculture, real estate, education, and remittance-based businesses. The Gulf migration has played a key role in the socio-economic upliftment of the community since the 1970s. In areas like Malappuram and Kozhikode, it’s common to see Muslim-owned textile stores, bookshops, travel agencies, mobile phone outlets, and educational institutions^[4].

The community has made significant strides in education and literacy, with a large number of private colleges, madrasas, and social welfare organizations contributing to human development ^[5].

Kerala has a strong and active Muslim population, especially in the northern districts. According to the 2011 Census, Malappuram has the highest Muslim population in the state with 2,280,000 Muslims, making up 70.2% of its people. Next is Kozhikode, with about 1,002,000 Muslims (39.2%), and Kasaragod with 661,000 Muslims (37.2%). Kannur comes next with 665,000 (29.4%), followed by Thrissur (547,000, 21.3%), Palakkad (538,000, 20.7%), and Ernakulam (537,000, 19.1%). The remaining top districts are Alappuzha (479,000, 16.3%), Thiruvananthapuram (467,000, 16.0%), and Wayanad (258,000, 28.6%). These districts have well-established Muslim communities that contribute to business, education, and culture. In places like Malappuram and Kozhikode, mosques, schools, and Muslim-run shops are part of everyday life.

In Kerala, some districts have a very high percentage of Muslims compared to others. Malappuram ranks first, where 70.2% of the population is Muslim, making it the most Muslim-majority district in the state. Next is Wayanad with 28.6%, followed closely by Kannur (29.4%), and Kasaragod (37.2%), all in northern Kerala. Kozhikode also has a large Muslim share at 39.2%. These areas are known for their strong Muslim culture and traditions. In central Kerala, Palakkad (20.7%) and Thrissur (21.3%) also have sizable Muslim communities. Ernakulam (19.1%), Thiruvananthapuram (16.0%), and Alappuzha (16.3%) complete the top ten. In these districts, Muslims play an important role in daily life—running businesses, schools, and religious centers. The strong community presence is visible in local markets, education, and cultural life, especially in northern Kerala where the percentage is highest.

In Kerala, some districts have a smaller share of Muslim population. The district with the lowest percentage is Pathanamthitta, where Muslims make up only 6.6% of the population. Next is Idukki, with 7.4%, followed by Kottayam at 7.7%, and Kollam with 10.6%. These districts are mostly located in the southern and hilly regions of the state. While the Muslim community is present and active, it is smaller compared to other parts of Kerala. These areas are more dominated by Christian and Hindu populations, which shapes the local culture and religious life.

1. Malappuram: Malappuram is Kerala’s Muslim heartland, with about 2.28 million Muslims, making up 70.2% of its 3.25 million people. This strong majority shapes the district’s culture, economy, and politics. The community is active in education, business, and migration to the Gulf. Growth is expected to continue steadily due to high birth rates and social cohesion. Malappuram will remain the state’s leading Muslim-majority district, influencing Kerala’s identity strongly.

2. Kozhikode: Kozhikode has around 1 million Muslims, forming 39.2% of its 2.56 million residents. The district has a rich history of trade and Islamic culture, reflected in mosques, markets, and educational institutions. Migration and remittances support its economy. The Muslim population is expected to grow steadily, maintaining Kozhikode’s position as a key cultural and economic hub for Kerala’s Muslim community.

3. Kasaragod: Kasaragod hosts approximately 661,000 Muslims, about 37.2% of its 1.78 million population. Positioned along the coast, it benefits from fishing and trade. The district’s diverse culture includes Muslims, Hindus, and Christians living closely. The Muslim community is growing slowly, sustained by local businesses and migration. Kasaragod will likely see steady growth, continuing its reputation as a multicultural and economically active region in northern Kerala.

4. Kannur: Kannur has roughly 665,000 Muslims, 29.4% of its 2.26 million people. Known for its weaving and trade, Kannur’s Muslim community contributes significantly to local business and culture. Migration to Gulf countries supports economic stability. Population growth is expected to be moderate but steady. Kannur remains an important district for Kerala’s Muslim heritage and economic development.

5. Thrissur: Thrissur’s Muslim population is around 547,000, making up 21.3% of its 2.57 million people. The district is famous for festivals, art, and religious harmony. Muslims here are active in trade, education, and small industries. The community is expected to grow moderately, continuing to enrich Thrissur’s cultural diversity and economic life.

6. Palakkad: Palakkad has about 538,000 Muslims, which is 20.7% of its 2.6 million population. Known as the gateway to Kerala, Palakkad’s Muslim community thrives in agriculture, trade, and services. Migration helps economic growth. The population will likely maintain steady growth, preserving Palakkad’s role as a diverse cultural and economic hub.

7. Ernakulam: Ernakulam’s Muslim population stands near 537,000, 19.1% of its 2.8 million people. As a commercial center including Kochi city, it offers diverse job opportunities. Muslims participate actively in business, education, and politics. Growth is stable, supported by urbanization and migration. Ernakulam remains a key district reflecting Kerala’s pluralistic society.

8. Alappuzha: Alappuzha has approximately 479,000 Muslims, making up 16.3% of its 2.94 million residents. Known for backwaters and coir industry, its Muslim community contributes through fishing, trade, and small businesses. Population growth is steady but slower than northern districts. Alappuzha’s Muslims continue to shape its unique coastal culture.

9. Thiruvananthapuram: Thiruvananthapuram’s Muslim population is around 467,000, or 16% of its 2.9 million people. As Kerala’s capital, it offers educational and governmental opportunities. Muslims are active in various professions and cultural activities. Growth is expected to be moderate, maintaining the district’s diverse social fabric.

10. Wayanad: Wayanad has about 258,000 Muslims, 28.6% of its 900,000 population. This hilly district’s Muslim community is involved in agriculture and trade. Migration supports income, with a stable population growth expected. Wayanad’s Muslim culture is an important part of its tribal and agricultural society.

11. Kollam: Kollam has around 413,000 Muslims, making up 10.6% of its 3.9 million people. This coastal district has a mixed population, with Muslims involved in fishing, trade, and small businesses. Growth in the Muslim population is steady but moderate, supported by remittances and local commerce. Kollam’s Muslim community continues to contribute to the district’s cultural diversity and economy, maintaining peaceful coexistence with other religious groups.

12. Idukki: Idukki, a hilly district, has approximately 80,000 Muslims, accounting for 7.4% of its 1.1 million population. Known for plantations and tourism, its Muslim community is smaller but active in trade and agriculture. Population growth here is slower compared to coastal areas. The Muslim presence adds to Idukki’s multi-religious environment, and gradual growth is expected through migration and natural increase.

13. Pathanamthitta: Pathanamthitta hosts about 48,000 Muslims, only 6.6% of its 728,000 residents. It is one of Kerala’s districts with the smallest Muslim population share. The community mainly engages in small-scale trade and services. Population growth is minimal but steady. Muslims in Pathanamthitta coexist peacefully with majority Christian and Hindu groups, contributing to the district’s social harmony.

14. Kottayam: Kottayam has roughly 145,000 Muslims, 7.7% of its 1.87 million population. The district is known for literacy and religious diversity, with Muslims involved in trade and education. Population growth is slow but stable. Kottayam’s Muslim community enriches the district’s pluralistic culture, maintaining peaceful relations with other groups.

Muslim Population of Kerala by its Districts dataset Census 2011

Bihar, a big state in eastern India, has a large Muslim population—over 17.5 million people, about 17% of the total. Many live in the Seemanchal region, especially in districts like Kishanganj, Araria, Katihar, and Purnia, where Muslim communities are strong and active^[6].

Most Muslims in Bihar follow Sunni Islam, but there are also Shia and Sufi groups. Bihari Urdu is commonly spoken, along with Hindi^[7].

In terms of work, many Muslims run or work in garment shops, tailoring, leather repairs, cycle and motor repair shops, and small grocery stores. Some are involved in farming, selling fruits and vegetables, and making sweets and snacks. In towns, you’ll also find Muslim-owned hardware shops, mobile repair shops, and tea stalls^[8][9].

Life isn’t easy in many areas—people face poverty, low education, and bad roads or healthcare. But despite all this, Muslims play a big part in Bihar’s economy and daily life.

In Bihar, the districts with the highest Muslim populations highlight key cultural and demographic centers. Leading the list is Katihar with 1.37 million Muslims, followed by Purnia (~1.26 million), Araria (~1.21 million), and Kishanganj (~1.15 million). These four districts form a significant part of the Seemanchal region, known for its strong Muslim presence. Next is East Champaran with 0.99 million, then Darbhanga (~0.88 million), West Champaran (~0.87 million), Madhubani (~0.82 million), Muzaffarpur (~0.75 million), and Sitamarhi (~0.74 million). Together, these ten districts account for a substantial share of Bihar’s Muslim population, reflecting both geographic concentration and historic settlement patterns. Their large numbers influence local languages—especially Urdu—the vibrancy of religious festivals, and the dynamics of small-scale businesses and agricultural livelihoods. Understanding these demographic clusters provides insight into the social and economic life of Muslims across Bihar.

some districts have a very high percentage of Muslim population. Kishanganj has the highest, with 68% of its people being Muslim. Next is Katihar (44.47%), Araria (42.95%), and Purnia (38.46%), all part of the Seemanchal region. These areas have strong Muslim culture and influence. Other districts with high shares include Darbhanga (22.39%), West Champaran (21.98%), Sitamarhi (21.62%), East Champaran (19.42%), Madhubani (18.25%), and Siwan (18.26%). In these places, Muslims are active in local markets, farming, and small trades. Their traditions, language (Urdu), and festivals are an important part of community life.

Some districts in Bihar have a very small Muslim population. Lakhisarai has the lowest share, with only 4.08% Muslims. Other districts with low percentages are Sheikhpura (5.92%), Buxar (6.18%), Bhojpur (7.25%), Munger (8.07%), Nalanda (6.88%), Jehanabad (6.73%), Patna (7.54%), Arwal (9.17%), and Kaimur (Bhabua) (9.55%). In these districts, Muslims form a small part of the population. They mostly live in small towns or villages and work in farming, small shops, or as daily workers. Though fewer in number, their culture and traditions add to the diversity of these regions.

1. West Champaran: West Champaran is famous for the Champaran Satyagraha led by Mahatma Gandhi. The district has a population of 3,935,042. Among them, 865,090 are Muslims, which is about 21.98% of the total. Muslims here live mostly in rural areas and small towns. Many of them work in farming, daily labor, and small-scale business. The community plays an important role in the district’s local economy and culture.

2. East Champaran: East Champaran is known for Motihari, the birthplace of George Orwell. The total population is 5,099,371. Around 990,349 people are Muslims, which makes up 19.42% of the population. Many Muslims in the district are farmers or run small shops. The community is spread across villages and contributes to the district’s social life and trade. Urdu is commonly spoken along with Hindi.

3. Sheohar: Sheohar is one of the smallest districts in Bihar, known for its peaceful villages. It has a population of 656,246. The Muslim population is 99,342, which is about 15.14%. Muslims in Sheohar mostly live in villages and are involved in agriculture and daily wage work. Though the numbers are small, they play a steady role in the district’s rural life and economy.

4. Sitamarhi: Sitamarhi is known as the birthplace of Goddess Sita in Hindu mythology. The district has a population of 3,423,574. Out of this, 740,101 are Muslims, which makes up 21.62% of the population. The Muslim community is active in farming, tailoring, and small trade. They are spread across different villages and add to the district’s cultural mix.

5. Madhubani: Madhubani is famous for its traditional Madhubani paintings. The district has a population of 4,487,379. Among them, 818,912 are Muslims, making up 18.25% of the total. Many Muslims live in villages and towns, working in farming, small businesses, and crafts. The community adds to the rich cultural life of Madhubani, known for its art and festivals.

6. Supaul: Supaul is known for its fertile land and rivers. It has a population of 2,229,076. Muslims here number 409,251, about 18.36% of the total. Most Muslims work in farming or small trade. They live mostly in rural areas but also in small towns. Their culture mixes with the local traditions of Supaul, contributing to its diversity.

7. Araria: Araria is famous for its border trade with Nepal. The district has a population of 2,811,569. Muslims form a large part of the community with 1,207,442 people, which is 42.95%. Many Muslims in Araria are farmers, shopkeepers, and small business owners. The Muslim culture is strong here, and the community plays a key role in local life.

8. Kishanganj: Kishanganj is known for its tea gardens and scenic hills. It has a population of 1,690,400. Muslims are the majority here with 1,149,095 people, about 67.98%. Most Muslims work in farming, trade, and small businesses. Kishanganj has a rich Muslim culture, with Urdu widely spoken and many festivals celebrated.

9. Purnia: Purnia is famous for its rice farming and markets. The total population is 3,264,619. Muslims number 1,255,641, about 38.46% of the people. Many Muslims work as farmers, traders, and artisans. They are an important part of Purnia’s economy and social life, living mainly in towns and villages across the district.

10. Katihar: Katihar is known for its railway junction and jute mills. The district has a population of 3,071,029. Muslims make up 44.47%, with 1,365,645 people. Many Muslims here work in farming, trade, and small industries. The community is active in the economy and culture, contributing to the town’s growth and traditions.

11. Madhepura: Madhepura is known for agriculture and local markets. It has a population of 2,001,762 people. Muslims in Madhepura number 241,760, which is about 12.08%. Many Muslims work in farming and small shops. They live mostly in villages and small towns. The community is part of Madhepura’s social and cultural life.

12. Saharsa: Saharsa is famous for its rice fields and festivals. The total population is 1,900,661. Muslims number 266,620, making up 14.03%. Most Muslims here work in farming or local businesses. The Muslim community contributes to the culture and economy of Saharsa.

13. Darbhanga: Darbhanga is known for its music and history. It has a population of 3,937,385. Muslims here number 881,476, about 22.39%. Many Muslims work in farming, trade, and crafts. They add to the rich culture of Darbhanga with their traditions.

14. Muzaffarpur: Muzaffarpur is famous for litchi fruit and markets. The district’s population is 4,801,062. Muslims number 745,546, which is 15.53%. Many Muslims work as farmers, traders, or small business owners. The community is part of the social fabric of Muzaffarpur.

15. Gopalganj: Gopalganj is known for its green fields and rivers. It has a total population of 2,562,012. Muslims number 436,057, about 17.02%. Many work in farming and small businesses. The Muslim community is important to the culture and economy of the district.

16. Siwan: Siwan is famous for its historic forts and markets. The population is 3,330,464. Muslims number 608,282, making up 18.26%. They work in farming, trade, and local crafts. The community actively participates in the social life of Siwan.

17. Saran: Saran is known for agriculture and old temples. It has a population of 3,951,862. Muslims here number 406,449, about 10.28%. Many Muslims work in farming and small shops. They contribute to the culture and economy of the district.

18. Vaishali: Vaishali is famous for ancient historical sites. The total population is 3,495,021. Muslims number 333,980, about 9.56%. Many work in farming and local business. The Muslim community adds to Vaishali’s diverse culture.

19. Samastipur: Samastipur is known for its educational institutions. The population is 4,261,566. Muslims number 452,370, about 10.62%. Many are farmers or small traders. The community plays a role in Samastipur’s economy and social life.

20. Begusarai: Begusarai is famous for oil refineries and industries. It has a population of 2,970,541. Muslims number 407,348, which is 13.71%. Many Muslims work in factories, trade, and farming. The community is part of Begusarai’s growth and culture.

21. Khagaria: Khagaria is known for its rivers and farming. The total population is 1,666,886. Muslims number 175,588, making up 10.53%. Many Muslims work in agriculture and local markets. The community contributes to the culture and daily life of Khagaria.

22. Bhagalpur: Bhagalpur is famous for its silk industry. It has a population of 3,037,766. Muslims number 537,098, about 17.68%. Many work in weaving, trade, and farming. The Muslim community plays an important role in Bhagalpur’s economy and culture.

23. Banka: Banka is known for its forests and hills. The population is 2,034,763. Muslims number 250,925, about 12.33%. Many Muslims work in farming and small businesses. They are part of Banka’s diverse community.

24. Munger: Munger is famous for its historical forts and knives. The total population is 1,367,765. Muslims number 110,416, which is 8.07%. Many work in small industries, farming, and trade. The Muslim community adds to Munger’s cultural heritage.

25. Lakhisarai: Lakhisarai is known for its religious sites and hills. It has a population of 1,000,912. Muslims number 40,886, about 4.08%. Most Muslims are involved in farming and small trade. They contribute to the district’s social fabric.

26. Sheikhpura : Sheikhpura is famous for its peaceful villages and temples. The population is 636,342. Muslims number 37,653, which is 5.92%. Many work in farming and local shops. The Muslim community is part of Sheikhpura’s society.

27. Nalanda: Nalanda is known for its ancient university and history. It has a population of 2,877,653. Muslims number 198,033, about 6.88%. Many Muslims work in farming, trade, and small business. They add to Nalanda’s rich cultural mix.

28. Patna: Patna is Bihar’s capital and known for education and business. The total population is 5,838,465. Muslims number 439,952, about 7.54%. Many work in trade, services, and small industries. The Muslim community is important to Patna’s growth.

29. Bhojpur: Bhojpur is famous for its agriculture and historic places. The population is 2,728,407. Muslims number 197,819, about 7.25%. Many work in farming and local businesses. They are part of Bhojpur’s social and cultural life.

30. Buxar: Buxar is known for its religious significance and farming. It has a population of 1,706,352. Muslims number 105,423, about 6.18%. Many work in agriculture and small trade. The Muslim community contributes to Buxar’s diversity.

31. Kaimur (Bhabua): Kaimur is famous for the Kaimur wildlife sanctuary and waterfalls. It has a population of 1,626,384. Muslims number 155,283, which is 9.55%. Many Muslims in Kaimur work in farming and local trade. The Muslim community contributes to the social and cultural life of the district.

32. Rohtas: Rohtas is known for its historical Rohtasgarh Fort. The total population is 2,959,918. Muslims number 300,487, about 10.15%. Many work in farming and small businesses. The Muslim community is an important part of Rohtas’s culture and economy.

33. Aurangabad: Aurangabad is famous for its ancient Buddhist sites and history. It has a population of 2,540,073. Muslims number 237,353, about 9.34%. Many Muslims are engaged in farming and local markets. They add to the cultural diversity of Aurangabad.

34. Gaya: Gaya is well known for Bodh Gaya, the place where Buddha attained enlightenment. The population is 4,391,418. Muslims number 488,121, around 11.12%. Many work in trade, farming, and small industries. The Muslim community is an important part of Gaya’s social fabric.

35. Nawada: Nawada is known for its natural beauty and agriculture. The population is 2,219,146. Muslims number 244,394, about 11.01%. Many Muslims work in farming and small businesses. They contribute to Nawada’s community life and economy.

36. Jamui: Jamui is famous for its hills and forests. It has a population of 1,760,405. Muslims number 217,621, about 12.36%. Many Muslims are involved in farming and trade. The community plays a key role in Jamui’s culture.

37. Jehanabad: Jehanabad is known for its historical importance and agriculture. The total population is 1,125,313. Muslims number 75,742, which is 6.73%. Many work in farming and small shops. The Muslim community adds to Jehanabad’s diversity.

38. Arwal: Arwal is famous for its peaceful rural environment. It has a population of 700,843. Muslims number 64,259, about 9.17%. Most are involved in farming and local trade. The Muslim community is part of Arwal’s social fabric.

Muslim Population of Bihar by its Districts dataset Census 2011